Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
M.Sc. Student of Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Iran.
2
Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Iran.
Abstract
To study the effect of different fertilizer system on agronomic traits of legume cover crops in safflower field, an experiment was conducted as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Urmia University farm in 2013. Treatments included cover crops that cultivated along the safflower rows were Matter pea (Lathyrus sativus), Vetch (Vicia villosa), Bitter vetch (Vicia ervillia) and the different fertilizer systems (high, medium, low input and organic). Seed yield, pod length, seeds per pod and 1000-seed weight of cover crops were different, significantly. So, the highest seed yield (695 kg/ha) and 1000-seed weight were belong to the Matter pea and the longest pod (3.91 cm) and the highest number of seeds per pod (3.4 seed) observed in Vetch cover crop. Also, seed yield and number of seeds per pod were affected by different fertilizer systems. So, the highest seed yield (496 kg/ha) and the maximum number of seed per pod (3.05) were obtained in medium and high fertilizer system, respectively. The highest biological yield (2790 kg/ha) of Matter pea was obtained in high input fertilizer systems condition. Results showed that weed biomass was affected by cover crops and fertilizer systems. So, Vetch cover crop in low input fertilizer system, cause to reduction the dry matter of Covolvulus arvensis and Xanthium strumarium L. as 51.35 and 81.45 % in comparison with Bitter vetch cover crop in high input fertilizer system. Generally, due to obtain some seed yield and biomass in cover crops, Planting of cover crops along safflower rows by increasing biodiversity on farm causes to increasing use of inputs and so produce the by-product of forage, that is considerable in sustainable agriculture.
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